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More About This Title Mammal Societies
English
The book aims to integrate our understanding of mammalian societies into a novel synthesis that is relevant to behavioural ecologists, ecologists, and anthropologists. It adopts a coherent structure that deals initially with the characteristics and strategies of females, before covering those of males, cooperative societies and hominid societies. It reviews our current understanding both of the structure of societies and of the strategies of individuals; it combines coverage of relevant areas of theory with coverage of interspecific comparisons, intraspecific comparisons and experiments; it explores both evolutionary causes of different traits and their ecological consequences; and it integrates research on different groups of mammals with research on primates and humans and attempts to put research on human societies into a broader perspective.
English
He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1987. He is an ISI Highly Cited researcher. He won the 1997 Frink Medal of the Zoological Society of London. In 2012, he was awarded the Darwin Medal from the Royal Society for his work on the diversity of animal societies and demonstration of their effects on the evolution of reproductive strategies, and the operation of selection and the dynamics of populations.
Professor Clutton-Brock's early work was on social behaviour in primates. Much of his recent work focuses on three long-term studies: of red deer on the Scottish island of Rùm, of Soay sheep on St Kilda, and of meerkats in the southern Kalahari. He is one of the founders of the Kalahari Meerkat Project, the subjects of which are featured in the television programme Meerkat Manor, and the BBC's Natural World series.
English
Preface, xi
Acknowledgements, xiii
1 Social evolution, 1
1.1 Origins, 1
1.2 Sociality and mating systems, 11
1.3 Reproductive competition, 13
1.4 Mate choice, 17
1.5 Parental care, 20
1.6 Cooperation, 24
1.7 Loaded labels, 34
References, 35
2 Female sociality, 47
2.1 Introduction, 47
2.2 Contrasts in female sociality, 47
2.3 Benefits of grouping, 53
2.4 Costs of grouping, 60
2.5 Sociality and fitness, 63
2.6 Comparative sociality, 65
2.7 The distribution of female sociality, 78
2.8 Group coordination, 79
2.9 Consequences of female sociality, 80
3 Female dispersal and philopatry, 94
3.1 Introduction, 94
3.2 Variation in female philopatry and dispersal, 96
3.3 Benefits of philopatry, 102
3.4 Benefits of dispersing, 104
3.5 Species differences in female philopatry, 111
3.6 Social and ecological consequences of female philopatry, 113
References, 115
4 Female mating decisions, 123
4.1 Introduction, 123
4.2 Direct benefits of mate choice to females, 128
4.3 Genetic benefits of mate choice to females, 128
4.4 Female mating preferences, 130 Maturity, 130
4.5 Mate choice copying, 142
4.6 Partner number and post-copulatory mate choice, 142
4.7 Variation in mate choice and partner number, 145
4.8 Consequences of female mating preferences, 146
References, 147
5 Maternal care, 156
5.1 Introduction, 156
5.2 The evolution of maternal care, 156
5.3 Prenatal investment, 162
5.4 Maternal effects, 166
5.5 Lactation and infant care, 170
5.6 Post-weaning investment, 176
5.7 Investment strategies, 180
5.8 Relationships between siblings, 182
5.9 Parent–offspring conflict, 185
5.10 Consequences of maternal care, 187
References, 188
6 Social development, 196
6.1 Introduction, 196
6.2 Social learning, 197
6.3 Social development, 203
6.4 Play, 204
6.5 Social knowledge, 205
6.6 Individual differences and personality, 210
6.7 Traditions, 212
References, 219
7 Communication, 226
7.1 Introduction, 226
7.2 Types of signal, 230
7.3 Signalling in theory and practice, 250
References, 255
8 Competition between females, 263
8.1 Introduction, 263
8.2 Competitive tactics, 267
8.3 Social structure and competition, 273
8.4 Conflict proliferation and limitation, 282
8.5 Consequences of female competition, 285
9 Cooperation between females, 298
9.1 Introduction, 298
9.2 Cooperation in different contexts, 298
9.3 Cheating in theory and practice, 322
9.4 The evolution of cooperation, 323
9.5 Consequences of cooperation, 324
References, 326
10 Mating systems, 333
10.1 Introduction, 333
10.2 Social monogamy, 335
10.3 Polygynous systems, 339
10.4 Genetic mating systems, 359
10.5 Consequences of polygyny, 360
11 Association between males, 373
11.1 Introduction, 373
11.2 Contrasts in the formation and structure of male groups, 373
11.3 Costs of association to males, 379
11.4 Benefits of association to males, 380
11.5 Kinship, familiarity, cooperation and hostility, 384
11.6 The size of male associations, 386
11.7 Contrasts in reproductive skew, 389
11.8 Consequences of male association, 391
References, 395
12 Male dispersal and its consequences, 401
12.1 Introduction, 401
12.2 Variation in dispersal rates by males, 401
12.3 The costs and benefits of dispersal to males,409
12.4 Secondary dispersal by males, 412
12.5 Sex differences in philopatry, 414
12.6 Dispersal distance, 416
12.7 The social and ecological consequences of male dispersal, 418
References, 421
13 Reproductive competition among males, 427
13.1 Introduction, 427
13.2 The benefits and costs of fighting, 427
13.3 Assessment and the evolution of maledisplays, 434
13.4 Adaptive fighting tactics, 445
13.5 Benefits and costs of mate guarding, 445
13.6 Adaptive guarding tactics, 447
13.7 Alternative tactics, 452
13.8 Sperm competition, 453
13.9 Consequences of reproductive competition between males, 456
References, 458
14 Relationships between males in multi-male groups, 466
14.1 Introduction, 466
14.2 The development of dominance, 467
14.3 Dominance and breeding success, 470
14.4 Reproductive skew in multi-male groups, 474
14.5 Dominance, condition and survival, 476
14.6 Coalitions and alliances, 477
14.7 Market models and the dynamics of supportive relationships, 482
14.8 Punishment, retaliation and reconciliation,482
14.9 The consequences of male hierarchies, 484
References, 486
15 Males and females, 493
15.1 Introduction, 493
15.2 Male mate choice, 494
15.3 Manipulation, 496
15.4 Coercion, 496
15.5 Female counter-strategies to male coercion,507
15.6 Male infanticide, 508
15.7 Female counter-strategies to male infanticide, 516
15.8 Post-copulatory sexual conflict, 521
15.9 Demographic consequences of sexual conflict, 521
References, 524
16 Paternal care, 532
16.1 Introduction, 532
16.2 The distribution of paternal care, 533
16.3 Control mechanisms, 543
16.4 Benefits and costs of paternal care, 545
16.5 Tactical investment, 547
16.6 Conflicts between parents, 548
16.7 Male care and the evolution of mating systems, 548
References, 551
17 Cooperative breeding, 557
17.1 Introduction, 557
17.2 Delayed dispersal, 562
17.3 Reproductive suppression, 564
17.4 Reproductive skew, 570
17.5 Benefits and costs of helping, 574
17.6 Division of labour, 580
17.7 Regulation of workload, 584
17.8 The evolution of cooperative breeding, 586
17.9 Consequences of cooperative breeding, 589
References, 594
18 Sex differences, 605
18.1 Introduction, 605
18.2 Body size, 606
18.3 Weaponry, 608
18.4 Ornaments, 610
18.5 Growth, 610
18.6 Nursing, 615
18.7 Social development, 618
18.8 Feeding ecology, 621
18.9 Mortality, 623
18.10 Sex ratios at birth, 626
18.11 Adult sex ratios, 631
References, 633
19 Hominins and humans, 643
19.1 Introduction, 643
19.2 Human evolution, 644
19.3 Life histories, 649
19.4 Sex differences, 653
19.5 Hominin and human societies, 663
19.6 Why us?, 671
References, 673
20 Human behaviour, 680
20.1 Introduction, 680
20.2 Mate choice, 681
20.3 Parental care, 687
20.4 Allo-parental care, 693
20.5 Cooperation, 698
20.6 The human condition, 713
References, 714
Index, 725
English
"Mammal Societies is an authoritative and magnificently written synthesis of mammalian social behavior. As Tim Clutton-Brock states in the preface, his goal was to . . .create an integrated account of mammalian societies. . ., which he achieves with a seamless elegance honed through decades of long-term research on primates, ungulates, and carnivores. The book explains the fundamental theory underlying sociality, and then applies it to understand the diversity of mammalian behavior. Unlike previous syntheses that separate humans from non-human primates, and primates from non-primates, Clutton-Brock masterfully integrates his knowledge of these disparate literatures, and of behavioral diversity in general, to create a genuinely interesting and stimulating overview and synthesis of what we do and do not know about mammalian social behavioral diversity with implications for understanding ourselves.....Throughout, Clutton-Brock clearly deconstructs hypotheses and critically reviews both the logic and the data supporting them...Mammal Societies is a goldmine for graduate students and those establishing new studies about the adaptive value of sociality in any taxa. It would make an outstanding book to read in a graduate seminar and should be on the desk of any graduate student or academic interested in social behavior in any taxa...In summary, Mammal Societies is an intellectual tour de force that will become a citation classic and will set the stage for the next generation of studies on the adaptive value of sociality. Although not an easy read, it is a must read for anyone interested in the diversity of social behavior and its implications for population demography, and the evolution and maintenance of animal sociality..."(Journal of Wildlife Management-December 2016)
Shortlisted for the British Ecological Societys Marsh Book of the Year Award 2017', which acknowledges the important role that books have on ecology and its development.
